Ofqual sets out its approach to regulating AI in qualifications

Ofqual, the independent regulator of qualifications and assessments in England, has published an updated statement on how it regulates the use of artificial intelligence (AI) across the qualifications sector.

The regulator recognises that AI brings real opportunities, from improving efficiency to supporting innovation in how assessments are designed and delivered. It is equally clear that AI must be managed carefully so that standards are maintained and qualifications continue to be trusted.

Five objectives at the core

Ofqual's approach to AI has been in place since April 2024 and is built around five objectives:

• ensure fairness for students
• maintain the validity of qualifications
• protect the security of assessments
• maintain public confidence
• enable innovation

No new AI rulebook

Rather than introducing AI-specific rules, Ofqual applies its existing outcomes-based framework. Awarding organisations must be able to show that any use of AI delivers valid, reliable and fair outcomes, with expert human involvement, quality assurance and clear accountability. Ofqual has also made clear that some uses do not meet its requirements and should not be used.

What awarding organisations are exploring

Through workshops held during 2025 and 2026, awarding organisations identified priority areas where AI could help, including:

• generating assessment items and exam questions
• creating stimulus material such as images, video and audio
• mapping qualifications against frameworks
• supporting marking
• supporting invigilation

The main concerns raised were accuracy and reliability, data security and confidentiality, and the technical capacity and expertise needed to use AI well.

AI in marking

Marking is one of the most closely watched areas. Ofqual stresses that marking decisions in high-stakes assessments must be accurate, consistent, explainable and open to challenge. In January 2026 it published a working paper on the principles of AI use in marking high-stakes assessments to support ongoing discussion across the sector.

What this means for apprentices and candidates

As an Ofqual-recognised awarding organisation, Railway Competence Group follows this framework. Any technology we use must support fair, valid and secure outcomes, and assessment judgements remain the responsibility of qualified, experienced people. Apprentices, employers and train driver candidates can continue to rely on consistent, independent assessment.

If you have questions about how we assess, contact our team.